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          <name>Original Format</name>
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              <text>Map Layer</text>
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        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
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            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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                <text>Layer #2: Roads</text>
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            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                <text>This layer shows the layout of roads on the beach. There are 12 distinct roads on the layer. 5 of the roads run from left to right and the other 7 run from bottom to top. There is a single box formed by the intersections of these roads. This signifies that the roads are not used to travel across the area mapped, but rather to get to a specific location and not leave a certain route. The words "Through Route for Unit Traffic" tell that the road is being utilized by some group for transportation in an organized fashion. These words are accompanied by arrows indicating the direction of this travel. The arrows are only shown on latitudinal roads showing that the horizontal component of the roads is more significant than the vertical component. One contrast is that there are two different drawings of roads on the layer. There is no significant pattern to which roads are solid and which ones are dashed. This may indicate the state of the road or show a difference between asphalt and dirt roads. This layer appears to be organized and compact with most space occurring on the edges of the map with some blocks of space segmented by the roads. Four of the roads appear to run into nothingness as they do not connect to any other roads and stop in the middle of a space. </text>
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          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
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                <text>Michael H</text>
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      <name>Tracing</name>
      <description/>
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          <name>Original Format</name>
          <description>The type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data</description>
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              <text>Map Layer</text>
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        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
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          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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                <text>Layer #3: Boxed Symbols</text>
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            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                <text>This layer of the map is the most nebulous and simple. It has the 9 large boxes from the center of the map and 1 of the smaller symbols from the upper left portion of the bounded area. These boxes are arranged in a square and have one of three symbols: a funnel, a waning crescent moon, or a silo. I believe that these symbols represent different groups of soldiers. It is most likely that each box represents patrols of a larger unit of the army. So all the funnels are in one unit and likewise for the other symbols. This layer is important because it shows the organization of the camp. The boxes form a grid that fits into the spaces between the roads and fits neatly. The symbol of the wheel up and to the left may represent a location for transportation storage such as a garage. This layer is the simplest of my four and shows the most important aspects of the camp in a broad way. There is a lack of detail about type and number of troops in each section.  This layer of the map reinforces the idea that this map is classified as confidential. To understand this map a reader would have to have specialized knowledge of military maps of the United States and recognize certain symbols.</text>
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          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="94">
                <text>Michael H</text>
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      <name>Tracing</name>
      <description/>
      <elementContainer>
        <element elementId="7">
          <name>Original Format</name>
          <description>The type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data</description>
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              <text>Map Layer</text>
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        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
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          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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                <text>Layer #4: Military Info</text>
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            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                <text>This layer of my map contains all of the pertinent military information from the original map. It has a grid system which according to the legend forms 100 x  100 yd boxes. This is useful information for the military group using the map as they want to know travel times for soldiers and vehicles to plan an attack. It also indicates that this map was created by enlarging a preexisting aerial image. This means that the map itself is only a portion of a larger image. This explains the pencil shading and lack of detail. The map does not give a title other than "Beach #3" and offers no information about its location in the world. The only color of the map appears on this layer in the "Beach Perimeter". This red arc is used to show a beach area and the front that the soldiers will most likely approach. The color is significant because it stands out from the map and is clearly important due to the use of color. The layer also includes a partial compass rose which shows the map is not oriented to the North but rather toward the red line. The map was created on  11-28-1944, which makes it a map utilized in WWII. It also has the designation "Top Secret" which implies that it was highly important to some mission that was kept hidden.</text>
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          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="93">
                <text>Michael H</text>
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          <name>Dublin Core</name>
          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
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            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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                  <text>Spatial Histories</text>
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              <name>Description</name>
              <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                  <text>What do spatial histories look like? Here is a gallery of images that advance and enrich the histories laid out in &lt;a href="http://hist1952-17.omeka.fas.harvard.edu/exhibits/show/mobility" target="_self"&gt;these student projects&lt;/a&gt;.</text>
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    <elementSetContainer>
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        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
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          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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                <text>Mapping the Inquisition: Hispania III, nova tabula</text>
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          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
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                <text>Iberian Peninsula</text>
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          </element>
          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="366">
                <text>Munster, Sebastian, 1448–1552</text>
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      <name>Map</name>
      <description/>
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          <name>Scale</name>
          <description/>
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              <text>Scale [ca. 1:50,000,000]</text>
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        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
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          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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                <text>Novissima Totius Terrarum Orbis Tabula</text>
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          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="326">
                <text>Notes from HOLLIS Catalog:&#13;
Relief shown pictorially. &#13;
Double hemispherical map of the world showing Australia as Hollandia Nova with unmapped east coast. &#13;
Globes are surrounded by coloured illustrations of figures and animals of the Zodiac. </text>
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          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
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                <text>Nicolaes Visscher</text>
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          <element elementId="48">
            <name>Source</name>
            <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
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                <text>Harvard Map Collection (&lt;a href="http://id.lib.harvard.edu/aleph/012720116/catalog" target="_blank"&gt;permalink&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;br /&gt;Plate no. [1] from: Atlas minor sive geographia compendiosa qua orbis terrarum per paucas attamen novissimas tabulas ostenditur / N. Visscher. Amstelaedami : ex officina N. Visscher, [1690?].</text>
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            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
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                <text>1690</text>
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          <element elementId="42">
            <name>Format</name>
            <description>The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource</description>
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                <text>1 map : hand col. ; 2 hemispheres, each 26 cm. in diam.</text>
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          <element elementId="44">
            <name>Language</name>
            <description>A language of the resource</description>
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                <text>Latin</text>
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      <name>Tracing</name>
      <description/>
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        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
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            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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                <text>Layer 1: Field Terrain</text>
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            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                <text>This layer depicts the fields on the outskirts of the territory of Berlin. They are distinct from the enclosed properties in and around the city, and are set off with horizontal lines. This field terrain is the most peripheral area depicted on the map of Berlin before the map turns to negative space, which suggests the field terrain was an important marker of the outer bounds of the city. I initially hesitated to isolate the field terrain from other types of terrain depicted on the map (for example, the map contains territories with gardens or other enclosed plots of land, populated with tiny trees), because terrain would technically belong in single layer. In the end, however, the field terrain stood out to me because its lack of definitive enclosure (unlike the contained plots of land), and its distinct color and shading. </text>
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            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
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                <text>Olga Kuzmina</text>
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      <description/>
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        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
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            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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                <text>Layer 2: Fences and Fortifications</text>
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            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                <text>This layer depicts the fortifications that mark the boundaries of the territory of Berlin, and which focus the viewer's attention on the center of the map. The northern boundary of the city appears to be a walled fortification, which gives way to a more primitive (perhaps wooden) fenced boundary on the southern side. The map depicts the materials from which the fortifications were made, and the layer seeks to reproduce this information. In the center of the map is another fortification that surrounds the heart of the city on what appears to be a man-made island in the center of the river Spree. While the map features numerous smaller fences that depict boundaries between private territories, I chose in this layer to isolate the main boundaries of the city as a distinct feature of the map that depicts these boundaries as structures in their own right.</text>
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          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
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                <text>Olga Kuzmina</text>
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      <name>Tracing</name>
      <description/>
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        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
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            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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                <text>Layer 3: Waterways</text>
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            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                <text>Perhaps the central feature of the map are the bodies of water that run through the territory of Berlin, namely the river Spree and several smaller tributaries. The waterways are emphasized on the map with a separate color (blue) and with curved lines, which are reproduced on this layer. The direction of the river flow is also marked on the map with an arrow, suggesting that this information was important to visitors of 18th-century Berlin. </text>
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          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
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                <text>Olga Kuzmina</text>
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      <name>Tracing</name>
      <description/>
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        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
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          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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                <text>Layer 4: Land Plots</text>
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          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
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                <text>This layer came about as a result of necessity. I originally wanted to create a layer that depicts the streets of the city, but realized that the streets themselves are not outlined; rather, they appear as negative space between the outlines of enclosed living compounds and plots of land. I chose to isolate the plots of land, both enclosed and non-enclosed,  in a separate layer. What these spaces have in common is their demarcation with small images of trees and short horizontal lines, as opposed to urban spaces that were left untextured. Some of these land territories were colored in green, while others were colored in pink or left uncolored. I reproduced the colors as well for their visual appeal; however, the colors might belong in a separate layer because they appear to suggest different neighborhoods or another division of territory. Indeed, the map appears to divide the city into different neighborhoods that are marked with the letters A-H, but the neighborhoods themselves are not set off in different colors, leaving the role of the colors a mystery. </text>
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          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="216">
                <text>Olga Kuzmina</text>
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      <name>Map</name>
      <description/>
      <elementContainer>
        <element elementId="65">
          <name>Scale</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
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              <text>Scale approximately 1:3,200. (E 119°55'01"--E 120°25'31"/N 16°37'06"--N 16°02'10"). // "Scale: 100 yd grids." </text>
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        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
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          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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                <text>Top Secret: Beach White #3</text>
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          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="333">
                <text>Notes from HOLLIS Catalog: &#13;
Map shows the line of the beach defense perimeter, grass, brush, trees, all existing roads and 2 way traffic through route for unit traffic in the beach area of Ligayen Gulf, Philippines. &#13;
"Enlarged from aerial photo." &#13;
"Reclassified secret by auth." &#13;
Map drawn on tracing paper. &#13;
Notes in red ink on map. &#13;
Military grids. </text>
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          <element elementId="48">
            <name>Source</name>
            <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="334">
                <text>Harvard Map Collection (&lt;a href="http://id.lib.harvard.edu/aleph/014739585/catalog" target="_blank"&gt;permalink&lt;/a&gt;)</text>
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            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
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                <text>1942</text>
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          <element elementId="44">
            <name>Language</name>
            <description>A language of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="336">
                <text>English</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="339">
                <text>Prepared by S-2, -533 Division, Engineer Boat &amp; Shore Regiment.</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="42">
            <name>Format</name>
            <description>The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="340">
                <text>1 manuscript map : color ; 31 x 46 cm</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
  </item>
</itemContainer>
